Archive for November, 2008

Col?e?ti

Sunday, November 30th, 2008




















Col?e?ti

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Col?e?ti may refer to several villages in Romania:

  • Col?e?ti, Alba, a village in Râmetea Commune, Alba County
  • Col?e?ti, Gorj, a village in Logre?ti Commune, Gorj County
  • Col?e?ti, Vâlcea, a village in Alunu Commune, Vâlcea County
This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct geographical locations with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Col%C5%A3e%C5%9Fti”
Category: Ambiguous place namesHidden category: All disambiguation pages

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Isaak Illich Rubin

Sunday, November 30th, 2008

Isaak Illich Rubin (* 1886, † 1937 executed) was a Russian economist and is considered to be the most important theorist of his time on the field of Marx’s theory of value. His main work Essays on Marx’s Theory of Value was published in 1924. In the course of the Stalinist purges he was executed in 1937.

Contents

  • 1 Selected Publications
    • 1.1 Main Work
  • 2 Bibliography
  • 3 External links
    • 3.1 Primary literature
    • 3.2 Bibliographies

Selected Publications

Main Work

  • Rubin, Isaak Illich: Essays on Marx’s Theory of Value. Translated by Milos Samardzija and Fredy Perlman from the third edition, Moscow, Leningrad 1928. Fourth Printing. Montreal, New York 1990.

Bibliography

  • Hyeon-soo Joe: Politische Ökonomie als Gesellschaftstheorie. Studien zur Marx-Rezeption von Isaak Iljitsch Rubin und Kozo Uno , Diss. Philipps-Universität Marburg 1995.
  • Vasina, Ljudmilla: I. I. Rubin - Marxforscher und Politökonom. - In: Beiträge zur Marx-Engels-Forschung. Neue Folge 1994, pp. 144-149.

External links

Primary literature

  • I. I. Rubin: Essays on Marx’s Theory of Value
  • Writings of I. I. Rubin at marxists.org

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Argentina-Brazil War

Sunday, November 30th, 2008

Argentina-Brazil War
Date 1825 to 1828
Location Southern Brazil and Uruguay
Result Uruguayan Independence
Belligerents
Brazilian Empire United Provinces of the Río de la Plata
(present Uruguay and Argentina)
Commanders
Pedro I of Brazil
Rodrigo Pinto Guedes
Marquis of Barbacena
Juan Antonio Lavalleja
Bernardino Rivadavia
Francis Drummond
Carlos María de Alvear

The Argentina-Brazil War (Portuguese: Guerra da Cisplatina; Spanish: Guerra del Brasil) was an armed conflict over an area known as Banda Oriental or “Eastern Strip” in the 1820s between the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata and Empire of Brazil in the aftermath of the United Provinces’ emancipation from Spain.

Contents

  • 1 Background
  • 2 The conflict
  • 3 Aftermath
  • 4 External links

Background


Flag of the Cisplatina Province.

Against the background of rebellions in many parts of the former Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata and the annexation of Rio Grande do Sul and the Misiones Orientales by Portugal, the Banda Oriental, in turn, revolted against Spanish rule in 1811, led by José Gervasio Artigas.

The area became the Provincia Oriental in 1813 as part of a federal league of provinces, the Liga Federal. The Liga was then invaded by Portugal in 1816 and then dissolved four years later, with its provinces beginning the process of integration into the United Provinces.

In 1821, after the defeat of Artigas in [[Baover the Río de la Plata and control over the United Provinces’ main port.

After Dom Pedro I declared the independence of Brazil, the Província Cisplatina became part of the Empire of Brazil.

The conflict


Oath of the 33 Orientales to the Uruguayan Republic.

Intending to regain control of the Provincia Oriental or Cisplatina, the Confederation of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata urged the peoples of the Eastern Bank (known as Orientales and lead by Juan Antonio Lavalleja) to rise up against the Brazilian domination, giving them political and material support.

With both states economically dependent on the British Empire, the United Kingdom’s war mediator George Canning, had a very important role in the conflict and its outcome.

After years of resistance by Oriental separatists, such as Fructuoso Rivera and Lavalleja, the Congress of Deputies of all over the Provincia Oriental met in 1825 in La Florida and declared its independence from the Portuguese and Brazilian empires, reaffirming its belonging to the United Provinces. The response of the imperial government of Brazil was to declare war on the United Provinces.

Emperor Pedro I of Brazil replied by blocking the Río de la Plata and its ports (Buenos Aires and Montevideo). The main base of the Argentine fleet was moved south, first to Ensenada and then to Carmen de Patagones. Brazil attempted to take Carmen de Patagones in 1827, trying to tighten even more the block on the Argentine foreign commerce, but the troops were repelled by the local civilians.

The Argentine army crossed the Río de la Plata placing its camp near Durazno, while General Carlos María de Alvear incursioned in the Brazilian territory. The Viscount of Barbacena, in command of the imperial troupes, clashed with the Argentines at the Battle of Ituzaingó.

Pedro I started the land offensive at the end of 1826, gathering the troops in the south of the country, mainly composed of volunteers and some units of European mercenaries. He had problems gathering an army to resist the Argentinian forces because there were constant popular rebellions in the provinces of the newly independent Brazil, including Rio de Janeiro, its capital at that time.

The lack of men slowed the response capacity against the Orientales now backed up by the Argentine Army. The war took place as many smaller confrontations, with the Battle of Ituzaingó being the only battle of magnitude. Other battles include the Battle of Sarandí and the naval Battle of Monte Santiago.

In 1828 Rivera reconquered the territory of Misiones Orientales.

Aftermath

Given the high cost of the war for both sides and the difficulty of business between the United Kingdom and the United Provinces, conversations for a peace treaty started in Rio de Janeiro. With France and the United Kingdom as arbitrators, and under pressure of the British, the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata and the Brazilian Empire signed the Treaty of Montevideo acknowledging the independence of the Provincia Oriental that became the Estado Oriental del Uruguay. The eastern section territory of Misiones Orientales was given to Brazil.

In Brazil, the loss of the Provincia Cisplatina was another motive to the popular discontent with the government of Dom Pedro I, after a war that was already unpopular. Even though the Guerra da Cisplatina is not considered the main reason for which the emperor abdicated in 1831, it did add to the outcome.

The war resulted in the British Empire obtaining a zone of free commerce controlled by the United Kingdom on the strategically located Río de la Plata.


Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Category:Guerra da Cisplatina

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Alan Oliver

Sunday, November 30th, 2008

Alan Oliver is the chief sports writer for the Evening Chronicle, based in Newcastle Upon Tyne. He has written reports on Newcastle United since the 1980s.

He wrote an unofficial book about Kevin Keegan’s time as manager of the club entitled Geordie Messiah .

External links

  • Newcastle United news from the Evening Chronicle website

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Stopping at Slowyear

Sunday, November 30th, 2008

Stopping at Slowyear  
Author Frederik Pohl
Country United States
Language English
Genre(s) Science fiction novel
Publication date 1991
Media type Print (Hardback & Paperback)
Pages 150 pp
ISBN ISBN 0-553-29487-3

Stopping at Slowyear is a 1991 science fiction novel by Frederik Pohl.

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Flap (Little Nemo)

Sunday, November 30th, 2008

Flap is a minor character from the animated movie, Little Nemo: Adventures in Slumberland.

In the movie, Flap is a giant crow, Flip’s friend/transport around Slumberland. Flap is referred to as a girl by Flip saying things like, “C’mon, old girl!” She is often used as the getaway for Flip when trapped in tight situations and even by Nemo when he joins Flip in his antics.

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Funny Face

Sunday, November 30th, 2008

Funny Face

Original 1957 Movie Poster
Directed by Stanley Donen
Produced by Roger Edens
Written by Leonard Gershe
Starring Audrey Hepburn,
Fred Astaire,
Kay Thompson,
Michel Auclair,
Robert Flemyng
Music by original score by
Adolph Deutsch
with songs by
George Gershwin
Ira Gershwin
Cinematography Ray June
Distributed by Paramount Pictures
Release date(s) 13 February 1957
Running time 103 min.
Country USA
Language English
Budget $3,000,000 est.

Funny Face is an American musical film released in 1957, with assorted songs by George and Ira Gershwin. The film was written by Leonard Gershe and directed by Stanley Donen. It stars Audrey Hepburn, Fred Astaire, and Kay Thompson. Richard Avedon designed the opening title sequence and consulted on the film, and Bill Avery was the still photographer. Contrary to common belief, only four of the songs are from 1927 Broadway musical production of the same name.

Contents

  • 1 Synopsis
  • 2 Notes
  • 3 Songs
  • 4 Awards
  • 5 Cultural references
  • 6 DVD release
  • 7 References
  • 8 External links

Synopsis

Maggie Prescott (Kay Thompson) is a fashion magazine publisher and editor, for Quality Magazine, who is looking for the next big fashion trend. She wants a new look for the magazine. Maggie wants the look to be both “beautiful” and “intellectual”. She and famous fashion photographer Dick Avery (Fred Astaire) want a model who can “think as well as they look.” The two brainstorm and come up with the idea to find a “sinister” looking book store. They subsequently locate the bookstore named “Embryo Concepts” in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Manhattan.

Maggie and Dick take over Embryo Concepts, which is being run by the shy bookshop clerk and amateur philosopher, Jo Stockton (Audrey Hepburn). Jo thinks the fashion and modeling industry is nonsense, saying: “it is chichi, and an unrealistic approach to self-impressions as well as economics”. Maggie decides to use Jo in the first fashion shot, to give it a more intellectual look. After the first shot Maggie locks Jo out of the shop to shut her up.

Jo wants more than anything else in the world to go to Paris and attend the famous philosopher and professor Emile Flostre’s lectures about empathicalism. When Dick gets back to the dark room, he sees something in Jo’s face which is “new” and “fresh”, and which would be perfect for the campaign, giving it “character”, “spirit”, and “intelligence”.

They send for Jo and start treating her like a doll, trying to make her over, pulling at her clothes and attempting to cut her hair. She rebels and runs away, only to hide in the dark room where Dick is working. When Dick mentions ‘Paris’, she becomes very interested that she will get her chance to see Professor Flostre, and she is finally convinced to do the modelling.

Soon Maggie, Dick, and Jo are off to Paris to prepare for a major fashion event, shooting photos at famous landmarks from the area. During the various photo shoots Jo starts to feel something for Dick, and they fall in love.

One night when Jo is getting ready for the gala, she hears that Professor Flostre is giving a lecture at a cafe close by. So she goes and eventually Dick finds her and they get into an argument which involves Jo being publicly embarrassed and Maggie outraged.

Jo goes to talk to Proffesor Flostre at his home. Through some scheming Maggie and Dick make it into Flostre’s home and confront Jo and Flostre. This eventually leads to Dick causing Flostre to fall and knocking him out. Jo urges them to go. When Flostre wakes up, he tries to make a pass at Jo which results in Jo smashing a vase on his head.

Before they go home there is a final fashion show. Jo and Maggie try to get in touch with Dick, who has made plans to leave Paris. Jo does the runway show and before her wedding gown finale, she looks out the window and sees the plane Dick was supposed to be on take off. Heartbroken, she runs off the runway at the conclusion of the show in tears.

Meanwhile, Dick is at the airport and runs into Flostre and learns that Jo bashed him on the head with a vase. Dick realizing how much he cares goes back to find Jo. He gets to the place where the runway show was held only to find out that Jo ran off. Finally after a long time of searching, Dick finds Jo by a little old church where they had shared a romantic moment during the photo shoot. They embrace and kiss.

Notes

The plot for the film version is drastically different from that of the Broadway musical, and only four of the songs remain. Astaire also starred in the stage version alongside his sister, Adele Astaire. The choreography is by Eugene Loring. The movie plot is actually adapted from another Broadway musical, Wedding Bells, by Leonard Gershe. The original title for the film was “Wedding Day.”

Unlike her later film, My Fair Lady, Hepburn sings the songs herself, in this her first musical. She performs one solo, “How Long Has This Been Going On?”; a duet with Astaire, “‘S Wonderful”; a duet with Kay Thompson called “On How to be Lovely”; and takes part in an ensemble performance of “Bonjour, Paris.” Her previous dance training is also called into play, not only in the two dance numbers she performs with Astaire, but also for a Bohemian-style solo dance in a nightclub, which has since often been replayed in retrospectives of her career.


The overexposed close-up of Hepburn’s face used on the Original Soundtrack album, as well as in the Darkroom Scene in the movie

As was the case with many of her leading men, Astaire was much older than Hepburn. At 58, 30 years Hepburn’s senior, he was approaching the end of his musical film career, in this, the second in a consecutive series of three French-themed musicals he made in the 1950s. He performs a song and dance solo with umbrella and cape to Gershwin’s “Let’s Kiss and Make Up.” According to Hepburn, she insisted on Astaire as a precondition for her participation. Thompson, who usually worked behind the scenes as a musical director for films, makes a rare appearance on camera as Maggie Prescott, a fashion magazine editor. Besides her duet with Hepburn, she performs the solo number “Think Pink!” in the presence of a dance chorus, and Thompson and Astaire perform a comic dance duet to “Clap Yo’ Hands.” Thompson is perhaps best known today as the author of the popular series of books concerning the spoiled rich girl, “Eloise.”

Astaire’s character was loosely based on the career of Richard Avedon, who provided a number of the photographs seen in the film, including the stills for the opening credits, which were also used in the halls of Quality magazine. Probably the most famous single image from the film is the intentionally overexposed close-up of Hepburn’s face in which only her facial features—her eyes, eyebrows, nose and mouth—are visible. This image is seen both during the “Funny Face” musical number, which takes place in a darkroom, and when Dick (Astaire) presents it to Maggie (Thompson).

Songs

  • ‘S Wonderful - from Funny Face (1927 musical)
  • Think Pink!
  • How Long Has This Been Going On?
  • Funny Face - from Funny Face
  • Bonjour, Paris!
  • Clap Yo’ Hands - from Oh, Kay!
  • He Loves and She Loves - from Funny Face
  • On How to Be Lovely
  • Basal Metabolism - from Funny Face
  • Let’s Kiss and Make Up
  • Tristan und Isolde - Richard Wagner

Awards

The National Board of Review gave the film Special Citation award for the photographic innovations. Leonard Gershe was nominated for “Best Written American Musical” by the Writers Guild of America. Stanley Donen was nominated by the Directors Guild of America for “Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures” and for a “Golden Palm” at the Cannes Film Festival. Fred Astaire received a Golden Laurel nomination for “Top Male Musical Performance”. The film received four Academy Award “Oscar” nominations: Leonard Gershe for “Best Writing, Story and Screenplay - Written Directly for the Screen”; Edith Head and Hubert de Givenchy (Hepburn’s costume designer) for “Best Costume Design”; Ray June for “Best Cinematography”; and Hal Pereira, George W. Davis, Sam Comer, and Ray Moyer for “Best Art Direction-Set Decoration”.

Cultural references

In the fall of 2006, clothing retailer The Gap used footage from Funny Face in its commercials for its Skinny Black Pant. In the commercials, Hepburn’s dance number is paired with the song “Back in Black” by AC/DC.

In the episode of Gilmore Girls titled S’Wonderful S’Marvelous, (taken from Funny Face) Lorelai Gilmore and Christopher Hayden watch Funny Face on a date.

In 1990, pop diva Whitney Houston used Hepburn’s character from Funny Face as a tribute to Hollywood’s Golden Age in her video “I’m Your Baby Tonight.”

A new Silkstone Barbie designed to look like Jo Stockton. It was only available to 2008 Barbie conventioniers.

DVD release

To date, Funny Face has been released to DVD in Region 1 (North America) in two editions from Paramount Home Entertainment: in 2001 as part of the “Audrey Hepburn Widescreen Collection” series, and again in 2007 in a 50th Anniversary edition. The 2007 version has additional featurettes as well as improved picture and sound quality from the 2001 edition.

References

  1. ^ Landazuri, Margarita. “Spotlight: Funny Face ” - Turner Classic Movies
  2. ^ Puente, Maria. “Avedon pushed photography to the edge” - USA Today - October 1, 2004
  3. ^ Grundberg, Andy. “Richard Avedon, the Eye of Fashion, Dies at 81″ - New York Times - October 1, 2004
  4. ^ Feeney, Mark. “Photographer Richard Avedon dies” - Boston Globe - October 2, 2004
  5. ^ Funny Face awards - at IMDb
  6. ^ Keizer, Mark. “Funny Face - 50th Anniversary Edition” - DVDFile - October 1, 2007

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Jean-Charles Tacchella

Sunday, November 30th, 2008

Jean-Charles Tacchella
Born September 23, 1925 (1925-09-23) (age 83)
Cherbourg, Manche, Haute-Normandie, France
Occupation director, screenwriter, cinematographer
Years active 1955 - 2008

Jean-Charles Tacchella (born September 23, 1925) is a French screenwriter and film director. He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for his film Cousin, Cousine (1975), which was also nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film.

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Sonata No. 5 (Scriabin)

Sunday, November 30th, 2008

The fifth piano sonata, Op. 53 written by Alexander Scriabin in 1907 marks the end of his Romantic period and the beginning of his atonal period. The piece consists of five themes, which intertwine and evolve throughout the piece: the intense, dissonant trill and glissando in the opening; a slow, languishing introductory theme; a dance-like presto based on material from the languishing theme and serving as the first subject group; a transition marked imperioso; and a meno vivo that serves as the second subject group (see sonata form).

Scriabin included an epigraph to this sonata, taken from his long poetic work The Poem of Ecstasy (not to be confused with his Symphony No. 4 “Poem of Ecstasy”, Op. 54.) The epigraph reads, “I summon you to life, hidden longings! You, drowned in the dark depths of the creative spirit, you fearful embryos of life, I bring you daring!”

This is Scriabin’s most recorded sonata. The legendary pianist Sviatoslav Richter is said to have described it as the most difficult piece in the entire piano repertory. A typical performance is about 11-12 minutes.

Check for recordings by Vladimir Horowitz, Sviatoslav Richter, Vladimir Sofronitsky, Samuil Feinberg, and Glenn Gould.

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Nebo, Queensland

Sunday, November 30th, 2008

Nebo is a small town in Queensland, Australia, located 100 km south-west of the city of Mackay on the Peak Downs Highway.

Pastoralists settled in the Nebo region as early as the 1860s. The district was named by explorer William Landsborough, after the Babylonian god Nabu (Hebrew: Nebo).

The local economy has traditionally relied on agriculture. Coal-mining also plays a significant role in the local economy, with eleven coal mines located in the Nebo district.

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