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In elastodynamics, Love waves are essentially horizontally polarized shear waves (SH waves) guided by an elastic layer, which is “welded” to an elastic half space on one side while bordering a vacuum on the other side. In seismology, Love waves (also named Q waves (Quer: German for lateral)) are surface seismic waves that cause horizontal shifting of the earth during an earthquake. A.E.H. Love predicted the existence of Love waves mathematically in 1911; the name comes from him (Chapter 11 from Love’s book “Some problems of geodynamics”, first published in 1911). They form a distinct class, different from other types of seismic waves, such as P-waves and S-waves (both body waves), or Rayleigh waves (another type of surface wave). Love waves travel with a slower velocity than P- or S- waves, but faster than Rayleigh waves.

How love waves work

Description

The particle motion of a Love wave forms a horizontal line perpendicular to the direction of propagation. Moving deeper into the material, motion can decrease to a “node” and then alternately increase and decrease as one examines deeper layers of particles. The amplitude, or maximum particle motion, often decreases rapidly with depth.

Since Love waves travel on the Earth’s surface, the strength (or amplitude) of the waves decrease exponentially with the depth of an earthquake. However, given their confinement to the surface, their amplitude decays only as , where r represents the distance the wave has traveled from the earthquake. Surface waves therefore decay more slowly with distance than do body waves, which travel in three dimensions. Large earthquakes may generate Love waves that travel around the Earth several times before dissipating.

Love waves take a long time to dissipate due to the huge amount of energy that they contain. For this reason, they are most destructive within the immediate area of the focus or epicentre of an earthquake. They are what most people feel directly during an earthquake.

In the past, it was often thought that animals like cats and dogs could predict an earthquake before it happened. However, they are simply more sensitive to ground vibrations than humans and able to detect the subtler waves that precede Love waves, like the P-waves and the S-waves.

See also

• Longitudinal wave
• S-wave
• Rayleigh wave
• P-wave

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Elmer Harris

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Elmer Harris may refer to:

• Elmer Beseler Harris, Alabama businessman and politician
• Elmer Frank Harris, Newfoundland broadcasting personality and philanthropist
• Elmer Blaney Harris, American playwright and author
• Elmer W. Harris, U.S. Air Force fighter pilot during the Korean War

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same personal name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Retrieved from “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmer_Harris”
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The Proletarian Military Policy was a policy adopted by most Trotskyist groups, including the Fourth International, in response to World War II. It was an attempt to apply transitional demands to the war situation.

The outbreak of World War II was in many ways an unprecedented crisis for socialist organizations. Social Democrats had traditionally been anti-war to the point of pacifism, while revolutionary socialists had opposed wars waged by openly capitalistic regimes on the basis that the only violence worth pursuing was rooted in the class struggle, not between opposing groups of capitalists. World War II put this in a different light, however, as it became apparent to many socialists that a triumph of the Nazis would result in the total annihilation of the socialist movement. The Trotskyist response became known as the “Proletarian Military Policy”. Politically, the party would oppose the war as a capitalist struggle. However, young Trostskyists of military age would join the military out of loyalty not to capitalism but rather to their fellow workers. While in the armed forces, they would work to convert the war from one in defense of capitalism into a war of revolutionary liberation of the masses.

Many were disillusioned by the failure of the attempt to change the nature of the war into a furtherance of the class struggle. Some of the young men who served in the war after joining under the premise of the Proletarian Military Policy wound up abandonning the Trotskyist movement and socialism altogether, while others later joined even more militant groups. However, other Trotskyists played a leading role in mutinies that occurred after the war when the British military in particular was slow to demobilize. Sri Lankan Trotksyist militants also led the only mutiny by British Commonwealth troops, and two were executed for their organizing role.

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IECC

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IECC may refer to:

• Illinois Eastern Community Colleges
• Integrated Electronic Control Centre, British railway signalling control system
• International Energy Conservation Code
• International E-mail Chess Club (IECC)
• Internet Explorer Conditional Comment
• Island Evangelical Community Church

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Dnieper-Bug Canal

Dnieper-Bug Canal or Dnepr-Bug Canal, or Dneprovsko-Bugsky Canal is a ship canal that connects Dnieper river and Western Bug river. It provides navigational access between the Baltic Sea and Black Sea water systems. The length of the canal is 196 kilometers from the Bug to Dnipro Rivers.

It was built in 1775 during the reign of Stanis?aw August Poniatowski (1764-1795), the last king of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. When the canal was first built, it was called Kana? Królewski (Royal Canal), after the Polish king, since he was the initiator of the concept. Additional work was carried out starting in 1837 and completed around 1846-1848.

Navigation on the Dnieper-Bug Canal has been interrupted by a weir (dam) on the river Bug near Brest, Belarus, the border town. This dam is the single most significant obstacle for the navigation of small draught vessels between Western Europe and Ukraine through inland waterways. The waterways from the German-Polish border (Warta, Note?, Kana? Bydgoski, Wis?a, Narew, Bug) used to join the Belarus and Ukrainian inland waterways (Mukhavets River, Dnepro-Bugskiy Canal, Pripyat and Dnipro), thus forming an uninterrupted liaison between north-western Europe and the Black Sea.

Recently the dam in the Bug, making it impossible for ships to pass, has led to a considerable neglect of the most western part of the Mukhavets; some of the locks have been filled in and Brest Harbour can only be reached by vessels approaching from the east. (Source: NoorderSoft waterways database).

More recently efforts have been undertaken to restore the canal to a class IV inland waterway of international importance. In 2003 the Government of the Republic of Belarus adopted the inland water transport and sea transport development programme to rebuild the Dnieper-Bug Canal shipping locks to meet the standards of a class Va European waterway. According to the Belarusian government (see report below), four sluice dams and one shipping lock have been rebuilt which allow for the passage of vessels 110 meters long, 12 meters wide with a draught of 2.2 meters. It is expected that reconstruction will continue over the next few years.

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This article is orphaned as few or no other articles link to it. Please help introduce links to this subject in articles on topics related to it. (December 2008)

In enzymology, a 1,2-alpha-L-fucosidase (EC 3.2.1.63) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are methyl-2-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl-beta-D-galactoside and H₂O, whereas its two products are L-fucose and methyl beta-D-galactoside.

This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those glycosidases that hydrolyse O- and S-glycosyl compounds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2-alpha-L-fucopyranosyl-beta-D-galactoside fucohydrolase. Other names in common use include almond emulsin fucosidase, and alpha-(1->2)-L-fucosidase.

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 4 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 2EAB, 2EAC, 2EAD, and 2EAE.

References

• IUBMB entry for 3.2.1.63
• BRENDA references for 3.2.1.63 (Recommended.)
• PubMed references for 3.2.1.63
• PubMed Central references for 3.2.1.63
• Google Scholar references for 3.2.1.63
• Bahl OP (1970). “Glycosidases of aspergillus niger. II. Purification and general properties of 1,2-alpha-L-fucosidase”. J. Biol. Chem. 245: 299–304. PMID 5460888. 
• Ogata-Arakawa M, Muramatsu T, Kobata A (1977). “alpha-L-fucosidases from almond emulsin: characterization of the two enzymes with different specificities”. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 181: 353–8. doi:10.1016/0003-9861(77)90514-8. PMID 18111. 
• Reglero A, Cabezas JA (1976). “Glycosidases of molluscs. Purification and properties of alpha-L-fucosidase from Chamelea gallina L”. Eur. J. Biochem. 66: 379–87. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1976.tb10527.x. PMID 7458. 

External links

• IUBMB entry for 3.2.1.63

• KEGG entry for 3.2.1.63

• BRENDA entry for 3.2.1.63

• NiceZyme view of 3.2.1.63

• EC2PDB: PDB structures for 3.2.1.63

• PRIAM entry for 3.2.1.63

• PUMA2 entry for 3.2.1.63

• IntEnz: Integrated Enzyme entry for 3.2.1.63

• MetaCyc entry for 3.2.1.63

• Atomic-resolution structures of enzymes belonging to this class

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Jeisyville is a village in Christian County, Illinois, United States. The population was 128 at the 2000 census.

Geography

Jeisyville is located at 39°34?35?N 89°24?27?W? / ?39.57639, -89.4075 (39.576344, -89.407493).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.1 square miles (0.2 km²), all of it land.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 128 people, 49 households, and 36 families residing in the village. The population density was 2,205.5 people per square mile (823.7/km²). There were 52 housing units at an average density of 896.0/sq mi (334.6/km²). The racial makeup of the village was 99.22% White and 0.78% African American.

There were 49 households out of which 32.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.3% were married couples living together, 6.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.5% were non-families. 20.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.11.

In the village the population was spread out with 21.1% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 30.5% from 25 to 44, 27.3% from 45 to 64, and 12.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 103.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.0 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $33,750, and the median income for a family was $37,083. Males had a median income of $36,250 versus $25,000 for females. The per capita income for the village was $16,947. There were no families and 4.4% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 8.7% of those over 64.

References

1. ^ “US Gazetteer files: 2000 and 1990″, United States Census Bureau, 2005-05-03, http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html, retrieved on 31 January 2008. 
2. ^ “American FactFinder”, United States Census Bureau, http://factfinder.census.gov, retrieved on 31 January 2008. 

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A Vale of Clyde versus Clydebank match on May 7, 2005 at Fullarton Park. Clydebank won 2–1. The Vale were to be promoted as Champions at the end of the season.

Vale of Clyde Football Club are a Scottish football club based in Tollcross, in the East End of Glasgow. Nicknamed Tin Pail, they were formed in 1873 and are based at Fullarton Park. They currently play in the West Region of the Scottish Junior Football Association, and play in blue, red and white.

Honours

Scottish Junior Cup

• Winners: 1890–91, 1892–93, 1903–04
• Runners-up: 1941–42

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Part of a series on Buddhism Portal of Buddhism History of Buddhism Timeline - Buddhist councils Major Figures Gautama Buddha Disciples · Later Buddhists Dharma or Concepts Four Noble Truths Noble Eightfold Path Three marks of existence Dependent Origination Sa?s?ra · Nirvana Skandha · Cosmology Karma · Rebirth Practices and Attainment Buddhahood · Bodhisattva 4 Stages of Enlightenment Wisdom · Meditation · Precepts P?ramit?s · Three Jewels Monastics · Laity Countries and Regions Schools Therav?da · Mah?y?na Vajray?na Texts Pali Canon · Tibetan Canon Chinese Canon Related topics Criticism Comparative Studies Cultural elements This box: view • talk • edit

37 DHAMM? of ENLIGHTENMENT   4 satipa??h?na     4 Efforts 4 Bases   5 Faculties 5 Powers   7 Factors      8 Path Factors

The Five Powers (Sanskrit, Pali: pañca bala) in Buddhism are faith, effort, mindfulness, concentration, and wisdom. They are one of the seven sets of “qualities conducive to enlightenment.” They are parallel facets of the five “spiritual faculties.”

Translation

Pañca (Sanskrit, Pali) means “five.” Bala (Sanskrit, Pali) means “power,” “strength,” “force.”

Exegesis

Faith and Wisdom balance each other, as do Energy and Concentration. The Five Faculties are ‘controlling’ faculties because they control or master their opposites. The faculties and powers are two aspects of the same thing.

1. Faith (saddha) - controls doubt
2. Energy/Effort/Persistence (viriya) – controls laziness
3. Mindfulness (sati); - controls heedlessness
4. Concentration (sam?dhi) - controls distraction
5. Wisdom/Discernment (pañña, prajña) – controls ignorance

Notes

1. ^ See Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), p. 387, entry for “Pañca,” retrieved 2008-03-11 from “U. of Chicago” at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.2:1:971.pali; and, Monier-Williams (1964), e.g., p. 579, entry “Pañcaka,” retrieved 2008-03-11 from “U. of Cologne” at http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/MWScan/MWScanpdf/mw0578-paJcAGguri.pdf.
2. ^ See Rhys Davids & Stede (1921-25), p. 482, entry for “Bala,” retrieved 2008-03-11 from “U. of Chicago” at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/philologic/getobject.pl?c.2:1:3245.pali; and, Monier-Williams (1964), p. 722, entry “Bala,” retrieved 2008-03-11 from “U. of Cologne” at http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/cgi-bin/serveimg.pl?file=/scans/MWScan/MWScanjpg/mw0722-barAsI.jpg.

References

• Monier-Williams, Monier (1899, 1964). A Sanskrit-English Dictionary. London: Oxford University Press. An on-line search engine for the MWD is available from the “U. of Cologne” at http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/monier/.

• Rhys Davids, T.W. & William Stede (eds.) (1921-5). The Pali Text Society’s Pali–English Dictionary. Chipstead: Pali Text Society. An on-line search engine for the PED is available from “Chicago U.” at http://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/pali/.

See also

• Bodhipakkhiyadhamma - lists the 32 qualities conducive to Enlightenment, which includes the Five Powers.
• Indriya - “faculty,” includes extended discussion of the Five Spiritual Faculties.
• Five Wisdoms

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Nabil G. Seidah (born 1949) is a Quebecois scientist. Born in Egypt, he emigrated to Canada in 1969 and lived permanently in Canada since 1974. He has been working at the Clinical Research Institute of Montreal (IRCM) since then, and is the director of the laboratory of Biochemical Neuroendocrinology.

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